D3 5.16.0 - as small as it gets (near-perfect GZIP compression)

Choose a version:

The original file has 515704 bytes (503.6k) and is available from the project website.
There you can find the official minified version, too, which brings down the size to 248314 bytes (242.5k, 48%).

After GZIP compression these minified files vary in size:

unpkg	93738 bytes (91.5k)	CDN
Boot	82047 bytes (80.1k)	CDN
cdnjs	82047 bytes (80.1k)	CDN
gzip -6 (default)	81411 bytes (79.5k)	local copy
gzip -9	81106 bytes (79.2k)	local copy
libdeflate -12	77913 bytes (76.1k)	local copy
7zip -mx=9 -tgzip	77427 bytes (75.6k)	local copy
zultra	77110 bytes (75.3k)	local copy
kzip -s0 -rn -b8	77074 bytes (75.3k)	local copy
pigz -11 -n	76960 bytes (75.2k)	local copy
Zopfli	76899 bytes (75.1k)	local copy

perma-link to the smallest file on my server:
http://minime.stephan-brumme.com/files/d3/d3-5.16.0.min.js (or via HTTPS)

You will automatically get the smallest D3 5.16.0 file, ETag caching is available and
if your browser doesn't support GZIP decompression then the uncompressed version will be sent.

Currently best Zopfli settings

Save 5148 bytes by using my D3 5.16.0 Zopfli version instead of the best available CDN (6.69% smaller than cdnjs, 76899 vs. 82047 bytes):

Download

You can use my super-compressed files for whatever purpose you like as long as you respect the library's original license agreement.
There are no restrictions from my side - but please avoid hot-linking if you run a high-traffic website.

These command-line settings yielded the best compression ratio so far (Linux version of zopfli-krzymod):
zopfli --i1000000 --mb8 --mls16384 --bsr18 --lazy --ohh

(found April 28, 2020)

Description	Value	Parameter
iterations	1000000	--i1000000
maximum blocks	8	--mb8
maximum length score	16384	--mls16384
block splitting recursion	18	--bsr18
lazy matching in LZ77	yes	--lazy
optimized Huffman headers	yes	--ohh
initial random W for iterations	1	--rw1
initial random Z for iterations	2	--rz2

Verify file integrity

After decompression, my uncompressed files are identical to the original ones:

MD5:
curl --silent --compressed https://raw.githubusercontent.com/mbostock/d3/v5.16.0/d3.zip --location | md5sum
f0b2ec5afc87eb622d86f587dad23e02 -
curl --silent --compressed https://minime.stephan-brumme.com/files/d3/d3-5.16.0.min.zopfli.js.gz | md5sum
f0b2ec5afc87eb622d86f587dad23e02 -

SHA1:
curl --silent --compressed https://raw.githubusercontent.com/mbostock/d3/v5.16.0/d3.zip --location | sha1sum
b08505510b7196e07a641962dda9c0b104ebca58 -
curl --silent --compressed https://minime.stephan-brumme.com/files/d3/d3-5.16.0.min.zopfli.js.gz | sha1sum
b08505510b7196e07a641962dda9c0b104ebca58 -

All listed CDNs deliver identical contents:

CDN	Size (compressed)	MD5 (uncompressed)	Timestamp
unpkg	93738 bytes	f0b2ec5afc87eb622d86f587dad23e02	(invalid)
Boot	82047 bytes	f0b2ec5afc87eb622d86f587dad23e02	April 20, 2020 @ 20:16
cdnjs	82047 bytes	f0b2ec5afc87eb622d86f587dad23e02	April 20, 2020 @ 20:16

Note: only the MD5 hashes are shown to keep things simple.

Other Versions

Available D3 versions at minime.stephan-brumme.com:

6.7.0, 6.6.2, 6.6.1, 6.6.0, 6.5.0, 6.4.0, 6.3.1, 6.2.0, 6.1.1, 6.1.0, 6.0.0,
5.16.0, 5.15.1, 5.15.0, 5.14.2, 5.14.1, 5.14.0, 5.13.1, 5.13.0, 5.12.0, 5.11.0, 5.10.1, 5.10.0,
5.9.7, 5.9.6, 5.9.5, 5.9.4, 5.9.3, 5.9.2, 5.9.1, 5.9.0, 5.8.2, 5.8.1, 5.8.0, 5.7.0, 5.6.0, 5.5.0, 5.4.0, 5.3.0, 5.2.0, 5.1.0, 5.0.1, 5.0.0,
4.13.0, 4.12.2, 4.12.1, 4.12.0, 4.11.0, 4.10.2, 4.10.1, 4.10.0,
4.9.1, 4.9.0, 4.8.0, 4.7.4, 4.7.3, 4.7.2, 4.7.1, 4.7.0, 4.6.0, 4.5.0, 4.4.4, 4.4.3, 4.4.2, 4.4.1, 4.4.0, 4.3.0, 4.2.8, 4.2.7, 4.2.6, 4.2.5, 4.2.4, 4.2.3, 4.2.2, 4.2.1, 4.2.0, 4.1.1, 4.1.0, 4.0.0,
3.5.17, 3.5.16, 3.5.15, 3.5.14, 3.5.13, 3.5.12, 3.5.11, 3.5.10, 3.5.9, 3.5.8, 3.5.7, 3.5.6, 3.5.5, 3.5.4, 3.5.3, 3.5.2, 3.5.1, 3.5.0, 3.4.13, 3.4.12, 3.4.11, 3.4.10, 3.4.9, 3.4.8, 3.4.6, 3.4.5, 3.4.4, 3.4.3, 3.4.2, 3.4.1, 3.4.0, 3.3.13, 3.3.12, 3.3.11, 3.3.10, 3.3.9, 3.3.8, 3.3.7, 3.3.6, 3.3.5, 3.3.4, 3.3.3, 3.3.2, 3.3.1, 3.3.0, 3.2.8, 3.2.7, 3.2.6, 3.2.5, 3.2.4, 3.2.3, 3.2.2, 3.2.1, 3.2.0, 3.1.10, 3.1.9, 3.1.8, 3.1.7, 3.1.6, 3.1.5, 3.1.4, 3.1.3, 3.1.2, 3.1.1, 3.1.0, 3.0.8, 3.0.7, 3.0.6, 3.0.5, 3.0.4, 3.0.3, 3.0.2, 3.0.1, 3.0.0

The project site contains an overview how well these versions were compressed.
Other interesting projects are AngularJS, BackboneJS, Bootstrap, Dojo, Ember, jQuery, Knockout, lodash, React, Socket.IO, ThreeJS, UnderscoreJS and Vue.

Changelog

Best Zopfli parameters so far:

Size	Improvement	Parameters	Found
76899 bytes	-5 bytes	zopfli --i1000000 --mls16384 --bsr18 --lazy --ohh	April 28, 2020 @ 05:00
76904 bytes	-8 bytes	zopfli --i100000 --mls16384 --bsr18 --lazy --ohh	April 27, 2020 @ 13:17
76912 bytes	-9 bytes	zopfli --i10000 --mls16384 --bsr18 --lazy --ohh	April 27, 2020 @ 11:49
76921 bytes	-8 bytes	zopfli --i1000 --mls16384 --bsr18 --lazy --ohh	April 27, 2020 @ 11:31
76929 bytes	-21 bytes	zopfli --i1000 --mls8192 --bsr7 --lazy --ohh	April 27, 2020 @ 11:30
76950 bytes	-3 bytes	zopfli --i1000 --mls2048 --bsr10 --lazy --ohh	April 27, 2020 @ 11:30
76953 bytes	–	zopfli --i100 --mls16384 --bsr18 --lazy --ohh	April 27, 2020 @ 11:07

If there are multiple parameter sets yielding the same compressed size, only the first one found is shown.

Most recent activity on July 20, 2020 @ 12:55.

Heatmaps

This Zopfli heatmap visualizes how compression changes when modifying the --bsr and --mls parameter.
Cell's contents is the best filesize achieved (in bytes, hover with mouse over cells to see number of iterations).

Good parameters are green, bad are red. The best and worst are bold as well.
The brightness of the blue background color indicates how many iterations were processed:
10,000, 100,000 or 1,000,000.

bsr \ mls	2	4	8	16	32	64	128	256	512	1024	2048	4096	8192	16384	32768
bsr \ mls	2	4	8	16	32	64	128	256	512	1024	2048	4096	8192	16384	32768
2	77306	77299	77369	77364	77354	77357	77372	77357	77480	77506	77523	77515	77332	77337	77331
4	77166	77167	77195	77012	77030	77019	77033	77209	77426	77134	77137	77308	77125	77288	77088
6	77131	77372	77165	77156	76956	76966	76962	77148	77141	76971	76946	76961	77118	77103	77104
7	77285	77365	77262	77257	76968	76973	77149	77156	77166	77205	76945	76958	76919	77021	77081
8	77146	77260	77246	77245	77018	77241	77235	77229	77249	77280	77058	76959	77134	77101	77045
9	77138	77145	77155	77158	77151	76960	76951	77142	77147	77173	76936	76960	77176	77154	77239
10	77121	77123	77128	77151	77164	76961	77149	77149	77156	76948	76940	76964	77108	77037	77207
11	77280	77274	77338	77164	76957	76953	77144	77210	77146	77128	77149	76938	76938	77014	77192
12	76944	77133	77154	77148	76947	76963	77147	77147	77149	77164	77240	76962	77112	77040	77186
13	77138	77252	77260	77141	76965	76969	77146	77147	77142	77178	76943	76961	77110	77100	77240
14	77267	77143	77257	76956	76960	76958	77147	77146	77153	77131	76966	76948	77108	77138	77133
15	77266	77237	77234	77173	76958	76958	77144	76954	77254	77171	76944	76956	77110	77125	77084
16	77130	77274	77147	77159	76954	76956	77146	77128	77146	77191	77077	76957	77099	77002	77192
17	77140	77265	77278	77367	76943	77074	77144	77147	77152	77125	76943	76960	77098	76908	77185
18	77162	77163	77162	77163	76952	76959	77144	77131	77149	77127	76950	76943	77134	76899	77087
19	77237	77140	77144	77160	76951	76959	76955	77148	77150	77126	76941	76960	77108	77106	77076
20	77145	77134	77149	77140	76951	76963	77148	77143	77151	77127	76946	76938	77108	77100	77080
21	77134	77265	77156	77157	76949	76962	77151	77150	77149	77135	76948	76959	77111	77099	77079
22	77278	77262	77247	77267	76959	76960	77152	77151	77152	77127	76946	76959	77110	77099	77076
23	77286	77143	77157	77282	76949	76957	76956	77147	77150	77149	76947	76937	77106	76987	77112
25	77133	77158	77140	77155	76953	76960	77146	77148	77151	77143	76937	76960	77098	76977	77199
30	77263	77151	77146	77163	76953	76963	77153	77146	77151	77140	76948	77131	77106	77106	77192
40	77139	77257	77266	77170	77156	76955	77150	77149	77151	77130	76935	76956	77120	77121	77128

Due to the Monte Carlo design of my search algorithm, not all parameters have reached the same number of iterations yet:

Iterations	Min. Bytes	Reduction	Coverage
100	76953 bytes	–	100%
1,000	76921 bytes	-32 bytes	100%
10,000	76912 bytes	-9 bytes	100%
100,000	76904 bytes	-8 bytes	0.58%
1,000,000	76899 bytes	-5 bytes	0.29%
10,000,000	–	–	–

KZIP has far less options available for tuning/optimization. I only played around with the number of blocks (parameter -n):

Blocks	Min. Bytes	Compared To Best Zopfli	Compared To Best KZIP
(any)	77357 bytes	+458 bytes (+0.60%)	+283 bytes
1	78738 bytes	+1839 bytes (+2.39%)	+1664 bytes
2	78607 bytes	+1708 bytes (+2.22%)	+1533 bytes
3	77354 bytes	+455 bytes (+0.59%)	+280 bytes
4	77356 bytes	+457 bytes (+0.59%)	+282 bytes
5	77339 bytes	+440 bytes (+0.57%)	+265 bytes
6	77311 bytes	+412 bytes (+0.54%)	+237 bytes
7	77127 bytes	+228 bytes (+0.30%)	+53 bytes
8	77074 bytes	+175 bytes (+0.23%)	–

Non-DEFLATE Algorithms

Archivers based on completely different compression algorithms often produce superior results.
Unfortunately, browsers only support gzip compression at the moment.
However, support for Brotli is constantly growing - for example, your browser actually supports it !

Algorithm	Program	Parameters	Size	Compared To Best Zopfli
ZPAQ (Wikipedia)	zpaq	zpaq -method 69	60464 bytes	-16435 bytes (-21.37%)
RAR (proprietary)	RAR	rar a -m5 -md64m -mc63:128t -mt1	67329 bytes	-9570 bytes (-12.44%)
LZMA2 (Wikipedia)	xz	xz -9	68184 bytes	-8715 bytes (-11.33%)
Brotli (Wikipedia)	brotli	brotli -q 11	68459 bytes	-8440 bytes (-10.98%)
PPMd (Wikipedia)	7zip	7za a -mx=9 -m0=ppmd	70379 bytes	-6520 bytes (-8.48%)
Zstandard (Wikipedia)	zstd	zstd -19	73662 bytes	-3237 bytes (-4.21%)
Burrows-Wheeler transform (Wikipedia)	bzip2	bzip2 -9	76358 bytes	-541 bytes (-0.70%)

Detailled Analysis

I wrote a DEFLATE decoder in Javascript. Click the button below to start a client-side analysis of the smallest gzipped files (may take a second):

Load and Parse Data

Notes: pigz is a fast open source multi-threaded implementation of gzip written by one of the original authors of gzip.
However, when using compression level 11, pigz actually switches to the slower Zopfli algorithm and isn't multi-threaded anymore.
KrzyMOD's extensions to Zopfli offer the highest level of configuration and is therefore used for my brute-force search.
Ken Silverman wrote the closed-source KZIP compression program and Jonathon Fowler ported it to Linux.
Defluff was created by Joachim Henke; DeflOpt is a tool by Ben Jos Walbeehm.

website made by Stephan Brumme in 2015 and still improving in 2026.
all timestamps are displayed in central european time. see my changelog.
no flash, not even images or external css files - and everything squeezed into a single html file.
which was handsomely compressed before releasing it into the wild internet - obviously.

please visit my homepage and my blog, too.
email: minime (at) stephan-brumme.com

All trademarks are property of their respective owners. You know, the boring legal stuff.